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<title>class Rack::Files - rack-2.2.23 Documentation</title>

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<div id="class-metadata">
    
    <div id="parent-class-section" class="nav-section">
  <h3>Parent</h3>

<p class="link">Object
  
</div>

<div id="method-list-section" class="nav-section">
  <h3>Methods</h3>

<ul class="link-list" role="directory">
    
    <li class="calls-super" ><a href="#method-c-method_added">::method_added</a>
    
    <li ><a href="#method-c-new">::new</a>
    
    <li ><a href="#method-i-call">#call</a>
    
    <li ><a href="#method-i-fail">#fail</a>
    
    <li ><a href="#method-i-filesize">#filesize</a>
    
    <li ><a href="#method-i-get">#get</a>
    
    <li ><a href="#method-i-mime_type">#mime_type</a>
    
    <li ><a href="#method-i-serving">#serving</a>
    
  </ul>
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<main role="main" aria-labelledby="class-Rack::Files">
  <h1 id="class-Rack::Files" class="class">
    class Rack::Files
  </h1>

<section class="description">
    
<p><a href="Files.html"><code>Rack::Files</code></a> serves files below the <code>root</code> directory given, according to the path info of the <a href="../Rack.html"><code>Rack</code></a> request. e.g. when <a href="Files.html#method-c-new"><code>Rack::Files.new</code></a>(“/etc”) is used, you can access &#39;passwd&#39; file as <a href="http://localhost:9292/passwd">localhost:9292/passwd</a></p>

<p>Handlers can detect if bodies are a <a href="Files.html"><code>Rack::Files</code></a>, and use mechanisms like sendfile on the <code>path</code>.</p>

</section>

<section class="constants-list">
      <header>
        <h3>Constants</h3>
      </header>
      <dl>
      
        <dt id="ALLOWED_VERBS">ALLOWED_VERBS
        
        <dd>
        
      
        <dt id="ALLOW_HEADER">ALLOW_HEADER
        
        <dd>
        
      
        <dt id="MULTIPART_BOUNDARY">MULTIPART_BOUNDARY
        
        <dd>
        
      
      </dl>
    </section>

<section class="attribute-method-details" class="method-section">
      <header>
        <h3>Attributes</h3>
      </header>

<section id="public-class-5Buntitled-5D-method-details" class="method-section">
       <header>
         <h3>Public Class Methods</h3>
       </header>

<div id="method-c-method_added" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">method_added</span><span
            class="method-args">(name)</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-description">
          
          <p>@todo remove in 3.0</p>
          
          
            <div class="method-calls-super">
              Calls superclass method
              
            </div>

<div class="method-source-code" id="method_added-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 20</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-keyword">self</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">method_added</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">name</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">name</span> <span class="ruby-operator">==</span> <span class="ruby-value">:response_body</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">raise</span> <span class="ruby-node">&quot;#{self.class}\#response_body is no longer supported.&quot;</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">super</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

<div id="method-c-new" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">new</span><span
            class="method-args">(root, headers = {}, default_mime = &#39;text/plain&#39;)</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-source-code" id="new-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 29</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">initialize</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">root</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span> = {}, <span class="ruby-identifier">default_mime</span> = <span class="ruby-string">&#39;text/plain&#39;</span>)
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@root</span> = (<span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">expand_path</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">root</span>) <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">root</span>)
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@headers</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@default_mime</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">default_mime</span>
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@head</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Rack</span><span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">Head</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">lambda</span> { <span class="ruby-operator">|</span><span class="ruby-identifier">env</span><span class="ruby-operator">|</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">get</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">env</span> })
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

</section>
  
     <section id="public-instance-5Buntitled-5D-method-details" class="method-section">
       <header>
         <h3>Public Instance Methods</h3>
       </header>

<div id="method-i-call" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">call</span><span
            class="method-args">(env)</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-source-code" id="call-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 36</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">call</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">env</span>)
  <span class="ruby-comment"># HEAD requests drop the response body, including 4xx error messages.</span>
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@head</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">call</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">env</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

<div id="method-i-get" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">get</span><span
            class="method-args">(env)</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-source-code" id="get-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 41</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">get</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">env</span>)
  <span class="ruby-identifier">request</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Rack</span><span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">Request</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">env</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">unless</span> <span class="ruby-constant">ALLOWED_VERBS</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">include?</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">request_method</span>
    <span class="ruby-keyword">return</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">fail</span>(<span class="ruby-value">405</span>, <span class="ruby-string">&quot;Method Not Allowed&quot;</span>, { <span class="ruby-string">&#39;Allow&#39;</span> <span class="ruby-operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="ruby-constant">ALLOW_HEADER</span> })
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>

<span class="ruby-identifier">path_info</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Utils</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">unescape_path</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">path_info</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">return</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">fail</span>(<span class="ruby-value">400</span>, <span class="ruby-string">&quot;Bad Request&quot;</span>) <span class="ruby-keyword">unless</span> <span class="ruby-constant">Utils</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">valid_path?</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path_info</span>)

<span class="ruby-identifier">clean_path_info</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Utils</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">clean_path_info</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path_info</span>)
  <span class="ruby-identifier">path</span> = <span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">join</span>(<span class="ruby-ivar">@root</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">clean_path_info</span>)

<span class="ruby-identifier">available</span> = <span class="ruby-keyword">begin</span>
    <span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">file?</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>) <span class="ruby-operator">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">readable?</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">rescue</span> <span class="ruby-constant">SystemCallError</span>
    <span class="ruby-comment"># Not sure in what conditions this exception can occur, but this</span>
    <span class="ruby-comment"># is a safe way to handle such an error.</span>
    <span class="ruby-comment"># :nocov:</span>
    <span class="ruby-keyword">false</span>
    <span class="ruby-comment"># :nocov:</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>

<span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">available</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">serving</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">else</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">fail</span>(<span class="ruby-value">404</span>, <span class="ruby-node">&quot;File not found: #{path_info}&quot;</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

<div id="method-i-serving" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">serving</span><span
            class="method-args">(request, path)</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-source-code" id="serving-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 70</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">serving</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">options?</span>
    <span class="ruby-keyword">return</span> [<span class="ruby-value">200</span>, { <span class="ruby-string">&#39;Allow&#39;</span> <span class="ruby-operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="ruby-constant">ALLOW_HEADER</span>, <span class="ruby-constant">CONTENT_LENGTH</span> <span class="ruby-operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="ruby-string">&#39;0&#39;</span> }, []]
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">last_modified</span> = <span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">mtime</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>).<span class="ruby-identifier">httpdate</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">return</span> [<span class="ruby-value">304</span>, {}, []] <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">get_header</span>(<span class="ruby-string">&#39;HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE&#39;</span>) <span class="ruby-operator">==</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">last_modified</span>

<span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span> = { <span class="ruby-string">&quot;Last-Modified&quot;</span> <span class="ruby-operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">last_modified</span> }
  <span class="ruby-identifier">mime_type</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">mime_type</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>, <span class="ruby-ivar">@default_mime</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>[<span class="ruby-constant">CONTENT_TYPE</span>] = <span class="ruby-identifier">mime_type</span> <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">mime_type</span>

<span class="ruby-comment"># Set custom headers</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">merge!</span>(<span class="ruby-ivar">@headers</span>) <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-ivar">@headers</span>

<span class="ruby-identifier">status</span> = <span class="ruby-value">200</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">size</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">filesize</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>

<span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Rack</span><span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">Utils</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">get_byte_ranges</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">get_header</span>(<span class="ruby-string">&#39;HTTP_RANGE&#39;</span>), <span class="ruby-identifier">size</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">nil?</span>
    <span class="ruby-comment"># No ranges:</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span> = [<span class="ruby-value">0</span><span class="ruby-operator">..</span><span class="ruby-identifier">size</span> <span class="ruby-operator">-</span> <span class="ruby-value">1</span>]
  <span class="ruby-keyword">elsif</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">empty?</span>
    <span class="ruby-comment"># Unsatisfiable. Return error, and file size:</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">response</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">fail</span>(<span class="ruby-value">416</span>, <span class="ruby-string">&quot;Byte range unsatisfiable&quot;</span>)
    <span class="ruby-identifier">response</span>[<span class="ruby-value">1</span>][<span class="ruby-string">&quot;Content-Range&quot;</span>] = <span class="ruby-node">&quot;bytes */#{size}&quot;</span>
    <span class="ruby-keyword">return</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">response</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">elsif</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">size</span> <span class="ruby-operator">&gt;=</span> <span class="ruby-value">1</span>
    <span class="ruby-comment"># Partial content</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">partial_content</span> = <span class="ruby-keyword">true</span>

<span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">size</span> <span class="ruby-operator">==</span> <span class="ruby-value">1</span>
      <span class="ruby-identifier">range</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span>[<span class="ruby-value">0</span>]
      <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>[<span class="ruby-string">&quot;Content-Range&quot;</span>] = <span class="ruby-node">&quot;bytes #{range.begin}-#{range.end}/#{size}&quot;</span>
    <span class="ruby-keyword">else</span>
      <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>[<span class="ruby-constant">CONTENT_TYPE</span>] = <span class="ruby-node">&quot;multipart/byteranges; boundary=#{MULTIPART_BOUNDARY}&quot;</span>
    <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>

<span class="ruby-identifier">status</span> = <span class="ruby-value">206</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">BaseIterator</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span>, <span class="ruby-value">mime_type:</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">mime_type</span>, <span class="ruby-value">size:</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">size</span>)
    <span class="ruby-identifier">size</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">bytesize</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>

<span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>[<span class="ruby-constant">CONTENT_LENGTH</span>] = <span class="ruby-identifier">size</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">to_s</span>

<span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">request</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">head?</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span> = []
  <span class="ruby-keyword">elsif</span> <span class="ruby-operator">!</span><span class="ruby-identifier">partial_content</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Iterator</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">ranges</span>, <span class="ruby-value">mime_type:</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">mime_type</span>, <span class="ruby-value">size:</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">size</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>

[<span class="ruby-identifier">status</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span>]
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

</section>
  
     <section id="private-instance-5Buntitled-5D-method-details" class="method-section">
       <header>
         <h3>Private Instance Methods</h3>
       </header>

<div id="method-i-fail" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">fail</span><span
            class="method-args">(status, body, headers = {})</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-source-code" id="fail-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 192</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">fail</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">status</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span> = {})
  <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span> <span class="ruby-operator">+=</span> <span class="ruby-string">&quot;\n&quot;</span>

[
    <span class="ruby-identifier">status</span>,
    {
      <span class="ruby-constant">CONTENT_TYPE</span>   <span class="ruby-operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="ruby-string">&quot;text/plain&quot;</span>,
      <span class="ruby-constant">CONTENT_LENGTH</span> <span class="ruby-operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">body</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">bytesize</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">to_s</span>,
      <span class="ruby-string">&quot;X-Cascade&quot;</span> <span class="ruby-operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="ruby-string">&quot;pass&quot;</span>
    }.<span class="ruby-identifier">merge!</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">headers</span>),
    [<span class="ruby-identifier">body</span>]
  ]
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

<div id="method-i-filesize" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">filesize</span><span
            class="method-args">(path)</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-source-code" id="filesize-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 211</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">filesize</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>)
  <span class="ruby-comment">#   We check via File::size? whether this file provides size info</span>
  <span class="ruby-comment">#   via stat (e.g. /proc files often don&#39;t), otherwise we have to</span>
  <span class="ruby-comment">#   figure it out by reading the whole file into memory.</span>
  <span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">size?</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>) <span class="ruby-operator">||</span> <span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">read</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>).<span class="ruby-identifier">bytesize</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

<div id="method-i-mime_type" class="method-detail ">
        
        <div class="method-heading">
          <span class="method-name">mime_type</span><span
            class="method-args">(path, default_mime)</span>
          
          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          
        </div>

<div class="method-description">
          
          <p>The MIME type for the contents of the file located at @path</p>

<div class="method-source-code" id="mime_type-source">
            <pre><span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/files.rb, line 207</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier ruby-title">mime_type</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">default_mime</span>)
  <span class="ruby-constant">Mime</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">mime_type</span>(<span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">extname</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>), <span class="ruby-identifier">default_mime</span>)
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
          </div>
          
        </div>

</div>

</section>
  
  </section>

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